E-ISSN 2367-699X | ISSN 2367-7414
 

Review Article

Online Publishing Date:
21 / 05 / 2021

 


A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management

Georgios Pechlivanides.


Abstract
Background: Several different anatomical definitions of the rectum and its parts are used in clinical practice and relative investigational trials, rendering interpretation of results challenging.
Main Body: In the present study, current literature and guidelines in use are reviewed with regards to the anatomical definition of the rectum and their implementation in the management of rectal cancer. We identified the “sigmoid cut-off” on MRI being accepted by most experts as a precise and easily reproducible landmark for the upper end of the rectum. It has not been validated yet for the accuracy of its identification by the average radiologist.
Conclusion: Giving the need for interchanging experience worldwide, the development of a globally accepted anatomical definition of the rectum with easily recognized upper and lower borders based on MRI imaging is emphasised. This definition should be used for all future trials.

Key words: rectal cancer, rectal surgery, magnetic resonance imaging, rectal anatomy


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. Int J Surg Med. 2021; 7(3): 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece


Web Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. https://www.ejos.org/?mno=55153 [Access: February 20, 2024]. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. Int J Surg Med. 2021; 7(3): 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. Int J Surg Med. (2021), [cited February 20, 2024]; 7(3): 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



Harvard Style

Georgios Pechlivanides (2021) A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. Int J Surg Med, 7 (3), 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



Turabian Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. 2021. A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. International Journal of Surgery and Medicine, 7 (3), 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



Chicago Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. "A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management." International Journal of Surgery and Medicine 7 (2021), 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Georgios Pechlivanides. "A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management." International Journal of Surgery and Medicine 7.3 (2021), 50-55. Print. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Georgios Pechlivanides (2021) A review of various anatomical definitions of the rectum and their clinical implication in rectal cancer management. International Journal of Surgery and Medicine, 7 (3), 50-55. doi:10.5455/ijsm.rectal-cancer-management-greece